Pixar

P I X A R (Animation Studios)

Pixar Animation Studios is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville, California.

The studio is best known for its CGI-animated feature films created with PhotoRealistic RenderMan, Pixar has produced fourteen feature films, beginning with Toy Story in 1995. Thirteen of the films have received both critical and financial success, with the notable exception being Cars 2, which, related and made successful, received greatly less praise than Pixar's other productions.

All fourteen films have first showing with Cinema Score ratings of at least "A-", shows a very positive reception with audiences. The studio has also produced more than short films.

July 2013, its feature films have made over $8.3 billion worldwide, with an centre worldwide gross of $597 million per film. Both Finding Nemo and Toy Story 3 are among the 50 highest-large films of all time, and all of Pixar's films are among the 50 highest-out size animated films, with Toy Story 3 being the all-time highest, immense over $1 billion worldwide.

(Film characters)

   

Techniques in Animation (Anime)

[Anime & Manga]
Animation Technique.

Animation Technique

Like all animation, the production processes of storyboarding, voice acting, character design, cel production and so on still apply. With improvements in computer technology, computer animation increased the efficiency of the whole production process.The large majority of anime uses traditional animation, which better allows for division of labor, pose to pose approach and checking of   drawings before they are shot – practices favored by the anime industry.

Japanese animation studios were pioneers of many limited animation techniques. Ke Jiang, an animator for Disney, told Anime News Network that like everyone in animation, Japanese animators study the techniques of Disney in school, however Japanese anime has its own set of rules to be followed that have developed over time. Unlike Disney animation where the emphasis is on the movement, Anime emphasise the art quality as limited animation techniques could make up for the lack of time spent on movement. Such techniques were often used not only to meet deadlines but also as artistic devices. Even in bigger productions, studios often use limited animation techniques, even intentionally at times, to fool the eye into thinking there is more movement than there is. John Oppliger, when examining the question of animation quality inconsistency from titles, noted a trend in his weekly column for AnimeNation "Ask John" that for titles from larger studios, stating that the "most reliable predictor for animation quality" is the profile of the series itself, and that "shows that are expected to be big hits or shows that are consciously crafted to make a big splash... typically get unusually exceptional animation quality." He stated that although viewers can expect high quality animation from small studios with a reputation for high quality animation due to their ability to focus all of their resources on a single work, large studios tend to work on several shows and thus prioritize speed over quality. Oppliger stated that anime is one of the rare mediums were putting together an all-star cast usually comes out looking "tremedously impressive."

Anime scenes place emphasis on achieving three-dimensional views. Backgrounds depict the scenes' atmosphere.For example, anime often puts emphasis on changing seasons, as can be seen in numerous anime, such as Tenchi Muyo!. Sometimes actual settings have been duplicated into an anime. The backgrounds for the Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya are based on various locations within the suburb of Nishinomiya, Ryogo, Japan.

Camera Affects

Camera angles, camera movement, and lighting play an important role in scenes. Directors often have the discretion of determining viewing angles for scenes, particularly regarding backgrounds. In addition, camera angles show perspective. Directors can also choose camera effects within cinematography, such as panning, zooming, facial closeup, and panoramic.

Video Links of animation [Anime & Manga]:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z95dmXJ5XkM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHfzFyl2H6g
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lr-V5p7gc_Q

Pictures of [Anime & Manga]:

Tex Avery

Tex Avery

Frederick Bean Avery was born in 26/02/1908 and died on 26/08/1980. On 1930, Tex Avery was an american animator and voicer/director of his animated films. He did his most significant work for the Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios, creating the characters of Bugs Bunny,Daffy Duck, Droopy, Screwy Squirrel, and developing Porky Pig, Chilly Willy, he produced the famous animated cartoon during the Golden Age of Hollywood Animation.

Avery's influence can be seen in almost all of the animated cartoon series by various studios in the 1940s and 1950s.

The house style made the cartoons that appealed equally to adults, who appreciated Avery's speed, sarcasm, and irony, and to kids, who liked the nonstop action. Disney's creatures, under Avery's guidance, were transformed into unflappable wits like Bugs Bunny, endearing buffoons like Porky Pig, or dazzling crazies like Daffy Duck. Even the classic fairy tale, a market that Disney had cornered, was appropriated by Avery, who made innocent heroines like Red Riding Hood into sexy jazz babies, more than a match for any Wolf. Avery also endeared himself to intellectuals by constantly breaking through the artifice of the cartoon, having characters leap out of the end credits, loudly object to the plot of the cartoon they were starring in, or speak directly to the audience.

Go to his work of his cartoons on YT:
1) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xX0VRWrBuF8 (Red Hot Riding Hood)
2) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXcWQrhzlMU (Red Hot Riding Hood)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mn5nE8uyvb8 (The Peachy Cobbler)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ozl6CN006r0 (Blitz Wolf)

Drawn on Film - Cel Animation - Painting on Film

Drawn on Film:

Drawn-on-film animation is exactly what it sounds like: animation that's drawn directly on the film reel, using a number of tools, techniques, and methods. This skips the entire process of cel-animation, photographing, and video sequencing - or the more modern process of digital rendering. Instead, drawn-on-film animation imposes the animated image directly on the individual frames of a reel of film.

So how does this work?

Drawn-on-film animators can use either blank (undeveloped) or black (developed) film in large or small sizes; which they use determines their technique, though many animators have made themselves famous for wildly experimental forays into drawn-on-film animation that deviate from the normal techniques.

Animated pictures & films:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Em0GeQAVHDs

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oktGlZQgYWs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0g6htoSqxN0&feature=endscreen&NR=1

Stop Motion (Stop frame)

Stop Motion
Stop-motion animation (or stop-action) is the painstaking process of photographing a model, moving it a miniscule amount, then photographing it again. Finally, you string the photographs together and the tiny movements appear to be action. This form of animation is the simplest to use and is great for beginners.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ByGq-EdQ2L0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N45VYUcYu90&safe=active
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vZ0iqUS6sg&feature=fvwp&NR=1&safe=active
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSzCLf8tjP4&safe=active